- What is SSN?
- Why and When You May Need a Social Security Number?
- How to Obtain a Social Security Number?
If you are applying for a job in the United States or a credit card, you’d probably be asked for your Social Security Number or SSN. Now, you would ask what is SSN and why you need one. In this blog, we will discuss what is Social Security Number and you can obtain one.
What is SSN?
A Social Security Number, or SSN, is a 9-digit unique identifier assigned to lawful U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and eligible non-immigrant workers in the United States of America. The Social Security Administration uses this number to report wages, for identification purposes, and to track various benefits under Social Security. In addition to the above, the SSN may be required for a wide range of purposes such as opening a bank account, obtaining credit, buying a car or home, getting private insurance or government benefits, etc.
Why and When You May Need a Social Security Number?
Whether you are a U.S. citizen by birth or naturalization OR you are a temporary or permanent worker living in the United States under a non-immigrant visa OR you are a lawful permanent resident, you will require providing your SSN when you get hired for a job. The employer will use the Social Security Number to report your earnings to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). The same is also used to report your Social Security benefits to the Social Security Administration.
The employer will also require your SSN to report state income tax. Lawful U.S. employers participating in the E-Verify program will also require you to submit your SSN before you can legally work in the country. In addition to the above, you need to understand what is SSN and provide the same under the following scenarios:
- Opening a bank account with any authorized financial institution in the U.S.
- Applying for specific types of public assistance programs, such as Social Security Disability Insurance, unemployment benefits, etc.
- Obtaining a federal loan
- Filing tax returns with the IRS
- Enrolling in Medicare
- Getting a driver’s license
- Applying for a passport
Non-citizens with no Social Security numbers are exempted by the government to provide SSN in several situations such as getting health insurance, registering for school, applying for a driver’s license, obtaining public assistance such as subsidized housing, or applying for a credit. However, without SSNs, financial institutions and banks are unable to run a credit check. This can make it difficult for you to get a loan or credit card.
How to Obtain a Social Security Number?
Now that you know what is SSN, let’s understand how to apply for a Social Security Number.
If you are living in the United States at the time of filing the application, you can apply online from the official website of the Social Security Administration. Once you complete the online form, you can visit your local Social Security office and submit all required documents. If the application gets approved, you will receive the SSN card via mail within 14 days.
For first-time applications, you need to submit Form SS-5. This form is also applicable when applying for a replacement of your Social Security Card or changing the information on the card. You can download and print the form and duly fill it up using only blue or black ink. Once you complete the form, attach all supporting documents and send the same to your nearest Social Security office via mail.
If you are applying for an original card, it isn’t just enough to know what is SSN and how to fill up the application form. The form must go with the following supporting documents:
- A minimum of two documents validating your identity, age, and U.S. citizenship or lawful immigration status authorized by a U.S.-based employer. As evidence of your immigration status, you may submit current documents issued by the Department of Homeland Security, such as I-766, I-94, etc. International students or exchange visitors may need to submit additional documents such as Form I-20 or a letter that authorizes employment from your school, sponsor (J-1) or employer (F-1 visa).
- If you are not authorized to work in the United States or you are not a U.S. citizen, then you must provide a valid reason for non-work.
Understanding what is SSN and obtaining it may be complex, especially if you are a non-U.S. citizen. Therefore, it is ideal to work with an experienced immigration attorney who can help you get your immigrant status as well as guide you through the U.S. citizenship process and how to obtain a SSN card.
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Onal Gallant & Partners PC is a law office specializing in Real Estate Law, Intellectual Property, Corporate and Business Law, Immigration Law, and the US Visa Processes. We deliver reliable advice on a large variety of subjects ranging from forming a corporation and buying a house in the US to trademark registration and Green Card applications (e.g., EB3 Visa or DV Lottery). With exceptional knowledge and insight into immigration law, our experienced lawyers at Onal Gallant and Partners are ready to help and respond to all of your inquiries.
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